On July 14, 2015, the P5+1 group of world powers and Iran signed a comprehensive nuclear agreement, aiming to limit Iran’s ability to advance its nuclear program towards achieving nuclear weapons. Eli Waxman, Professor at the Weizmann Institute of Science and Member (1993–98) in the School of Natural Sciences, presents an analysis of the underlying logic of the agreement, of its content, and of its effectiveness. Waxman provides a non-professional audience with tools that enable them to reach informed conclusions regarding the strengths and weaknesses of the agreement.